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Michigan
Regulation
http://www.legislature.mi.gov/(S(sbbizq551jgkw4zipbl4fn55))/documents/mcl/pdf/mcl-Act-143-of-1976.pdf
PARENT COOPERATIVE PRESCHOOLS
Act 143 of 1976
AN ACT to license and regulate parent cooperative preschools; to prescribe the powers and duties of
certain state agencies; and to provide for the certification of parent cooperative preschool teachers.
History: 1976, Act 143, Eff. Mar. 31, 1977.
The People of the State of Michigan enact:
388.1021 Definitions.
Sec. 1. As used in this act:
(a) “Parent cooperative preschool” means a nonprofit, nondiscriminatory institution, maintained as a
community service and administered by parents of children currently enrolled in the preschool, which
institution provides an educational and developmental program for children younger than compulsory school
age and which provides an educational program for parents, including active parental participation with
children in preschool activities.
(b) “Child development course work” means child development course work, early childhood course work, child psychology course work, or any combination thereof.
History: 1976, Act 143, Eff. Mar. 31, 1977.
388.1022 Licensing parent cooperative preschool; conditions.
Sec. 2. The department of education shall license a parent cooperative preschool as an educational
institution, if all of the following are satisfied:
(a) The parent cooperative preschool is duly licensed by the department of social services as a child care
organization under Act No. 116 of the Public Acts of 1973, as amended, being sections 722.111 to 722.128 of the Michigan Compiled Laws.
(b) The parent cooperative preschool employs not less than 1 qualified parent cooperative preschool
teacher, as provided in this act, to direct educational and development programs for the children.
History: 1976, Act 143, Eff. Mar. 31, 1977.
388.1023 Certification of applicant as qualified parent cooperative preschool teacher;
requirements.
Sec. 3. The department of education shall certify an applicant as a qualified parent cooperative preschool
teacher for purposes of this act if the applicant meets any of the following requirements:
(a) The applicant has earned 120 semester credit hours in an accredited institution of higher education,
including not less than 15 semester hours of child development course work.
(b) The applicant has earned 60 semester credit hours in an accredited institution of higher education
before July 1, 1979, including not less than 15 semester hours of child development course work.
(c) The applicant has taught in a parent cooperative preschool for not less than 5 years before the effective
date of this act.
History: 1976, Act 143, Eff. Mar. 31, 1977.
388.1024 Crediting teaching experience of qualified parent cooperative preschool teacher.
Sec. 4. The department of education shall credit the successful teaching experience of a qualified parent
cooperative preschool teacher holding from the department of education a current elementary certificate or a
secondary certificate with a home economics endorsement, vocational endorsement in child care and
guidance, or an early childhood endorsement for purposes of qualifying for continuing certification.
History: 1976, Act 143, Eff. Mar. 31, 1977.
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North Carolina
Regulaion
Child care does not include the following:
-Cooperative arrangements among parents to provide care for their own
children as a convenience rather than for employment;
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WY
Regulation
http://demo.nrckids.org/default/assets/File/StateRegs/WY/wy_chapter2.pdf
(t) “Cooperative child care” means parents exchanging care on a mutually
reciprocal basis, without offering payment or membership benefits for the care provided.
...
\http://demo.nrckids.org/default/assets/File/StateRegs/WY/wy_chapter3.pdf
(b) Any individual who provides care for more than two children is required to
be licensed unless exempt under one of the following areas:
(iii) Parents exchanging care on a cooperative basis;
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IL
Regulation
GROUP DAY CARE HOMES
http://nrckids.org/STATES/IL/il_408.pdf
"Group day care home" means a family home which receives more than 3 up to 16 children for less than 24 hours per day. The number counted includes the family's natural, foster, or adopted children and all other persons under the age of 12.
Някои параграфи:
- In one and 2 family dwellings, children under 30 months of age shall be housed and cared for on the second floor or below. In other residential buildings, children under 30 months of age shall be housed and cared for only in areas in which OSFM states, in writing, that the combination of remote exits, fire detection, fire suppression, and/or automatic sprinkler systems render the residence safe for the care of infants and toddlers.
-The licensee shall hold monthly fire inspections of the group day care home
-The licensee shall identify those areas in the home used for child care. The identified areas minus any special use areas shall be measured to calculate the square footage available for child care. There shall be:
1) A minimum of 35 square feet of floor space for each child in care; and
2) An additional 20 square feet of floor space for each child under 30 months of
age when the play area is the same as the sleep area. However, if portable bedding is used for napping, then removed, the licensing representative shall approve the use of only 35 square feet of space for each child if the applicant/licensee has adequate storage space for the bedding materials and the bedding materials are removed before and after nap time.
- There shall be provision for isolating a child who becomes ill or who is suspected of having a communicable, infectious or contagious disease.
- There shall be a minimum of 75 square feet of outdoor space per child for the total number of children using the area at any one time. At least 25% of the required space shall be on the premises of the group day care home. The remainder may be a public park, playground or other outdoor recreation area within walking distance (1000 feet) of the group day care home provided the caregiver or an adult assistant accompanies children to this outdoor area.
Section 2.16: Definition of "Group Home"
"Group home" means a child care facility which provides care for no more than
10 children placed by and under the supervision of a licensed child welfare
agency with these homes being owned or rented, staffed, maintained and
otherwise operated by the agency.
SUMMARY OF LICENSING STANDARDS FOR GROUP DAY CARE HOMES
http://www.state.il.us/dcfs/docs/CFS_1050-51_Summary_for_DCH.pdfNumber and Ages of Children Served
A caregiver alone may care for:
• Up to a total of eight children under 12 years of age, with no more than fi ve under fi ve years and no more than three under 24 months; or
• Up to a total of eight children under 12 years of age, with no more than six under fi ve years and no more than two under 30 months; or
• A school age group consisting of eight school age children.
• An additional four school-age children may be cared for with a parttime assistant.
A caregiver and full-time assistant may care for:
• Up to a total of eight children under fi ve years of age, with no more than fi ve under 24 months.
• If the assistant is 18 years of age or older, an additional four schoolage children may receive care.
http://www.state.il.us/dcfs/docs/CFS_599_-_DCH_License_Booklet.pdf
SUMMARY OF LICENSING STANDARDS FOR GROUP DAY CARE CENTERS
http://www.state.il.us/dcfs/docs/CFS105052.pdf
Някои параграфи гласят:
Parents must be allowed to visit the center without an appointment any time during normal hours of operation.
“Time-out” is to be limited to one minute per year of age. “Time-out” may not be used for children less than two years of age.
• Children under six years of age who remain fi ve or more hours must have the opportunity to rest or nap.
• Infants must sleep in safe, sturdy, freestanding cribs or portable cribs.
• Toddlers may use either stacking cots or full-size cribs.
• A cot or bed must be provided for each toddler or preschool child in attendance fi ve or more hours. Each cot, bed or crib must be labeled with the name of the child.
Infants and toddlers must be housed and cared for at ground level unless special approval has been granted from the Department.
Example from Chicago
http://parentcoop.squarespace.com/storage/FINAL%20PARENT%20HANDBOOK%202012-2013.pdf
MISSION
The Parent Cooperative for Early Learning is a full-day, year-round preschool, serving families who
require care for their children. We are a multicultural community, organized as a cooperative, jointly
owned by the families and professional staff. Parent Co-op is a partnership among the families, the
teachers, and the community, attending to the social-emotional, physical, and cognitive needs of our
growing children with a curriculum grounded in our teachers' knowledge of what is developmentally
appropriate.
We depend on one another in order for the school to function smoothly. We value our diversity, family
atmosphere, and the opportunities our children have to create, think, solve problems, work, and play
cooperatively. Our children develop confidence through mastery and experience trust in a safe
environment.
ON BEING A PARENT COOPERATIVE
The Parent Cooperative for Early Learning is a not-for-profit corporation that is collectively owned by
our parents, who share the common interests of the care and the social, emotional, physical, and
intellectual development of our children, as well as the smooth and efficient functioning of the
corporation. All parents who enroll their children are members of the corporation. Membership is also
extended to the professional staff who are entrusted with the daily responsibility for our children and for
the day-to-day management of the corporation.
The Cooperative relies on a high degree of involvement from our parents and strong supportive roles
from the staff. Parents participate in activities ranging from Board and committee membership,
fundraising, and donation of equipment to laundering sheets, making a classroom presentation, or going
on a field trip. The partnership is essential for the organization to carry out its mission.
LICENSING AND ADMISSIONS
Parent Cooperative for Early Learning is licensed by the city of Chicago and the State of Illinois. The
city sends plumbing, ventilation, electrical, kitchen, fire and health inspectors to centers annually and
issues licenses through the Department of Revenue. The Illinois Department of Children and Family
Services requires all day care centers be inspected and licensed annually after a representative makes a
complete evaluation of the program. A copy of the state standards is available in the office for parents to
read. Parent Co-op’s state and city licenses are posted in the office.
Children are accepted and staff hired without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national or ethnic origin
or disability.(Preference in admission is given to current parents and siblings of children already in the
program).
PHILOSOPHY
The aim of the Parent Co-op is to nurture the development of the whole child: emotionally, socially,
intellectually and physically. The program is grounded in the theories of Erik Erikson, Lev Vygotsky
and Jean Piaget. We are guided in planning by the handbook, Developmentally Appropriate Practice
published by the National Association for the Education of the Young Children.
THE CREATIVE CURRICULUM
We chose the Creative Curriculum in 2008 to guide our classroom experiences. It is flexible,
developmentally based and embodies our belief that young children learn through play. This curriculum
rests on a firm foundation of research and responds to new requirements for academic content. The goals
and objectives for two year olds and three-five year olds incorporate social/emotional, physical,
cognitive and language development.
The Creative Curriculum emphasizes the importance of assessment in building an effective program to
meet the needs of every child and the class. Observing and documenting a child’s experience becomes
the basis for good educational planning. Teachers will build an individual portfolio for each child
incorporating written observations, samples of the child’s work, photographs (or other types of
recordings when possible) guided by the Developmental Continuum Assessment System. These
portfolios will be shared three times a year at Parent-Teacher conferences in November, February and
June.
For many foreign parents especially, the chance to break the isolation of the apartment, to practice the English language and to be met by a friendly, sensitive and supportive group of people is invaluable.
Еxample 2
The Parent Cooperative for Early Learning /Chicago
http://parentcoop.squarespace.com/
with NAEYC re-accreditation
NAEYC Accreditation
UPNS is accredited by the National Association for the Education of Young Children. NAEYC administers the largest and most widely recognized national voluntary professionally sponsored accreditation system for all types of early childhood schools and child care centers. NAEYC is the nation's largest organization of early childhood educators.
Early childhood programs accredited by the National Association of Early Childhood Programs – NAEYC's accreditation department – have voluntarily undergone a comprehensive process of internal self-study, invited external professional review to verify compliance with the Criteria for High-Quality Early Childhood Programs, and been found to be in substantial compliance with the Criteria. A copy of the Criteria can be obtained from NAEYC's Academy.
NAEYC Accreditation of programs for young children
California
Regulation
http://nrckids.org/states/ca/ca_22_12_Art_1_2.pdf
EXEMPTION FROM LICENSURE
(a) As specified in Health and Safety Code Section 1596.792, the child care center regulations contained in
this division shall not apply to any of the following:
(5) Any cooperative arrangement between parents for the care of their children where no payment is
involved and the arrangement meets all of the following conditions:
(A) In a cooperative arrangement, parents shall combine their efforts so that each parent, or set of parents, rotates as the responsible care giver with respect to all the children in the cooperative.
(B) Any person caring for children shall be a parent, legal guardian, stepparent, grandparent, aunt, uncle, or adult sibling of at least one of the children in the cooperative.
(C) There can be no payment of money or receipt of in-kind income in exchange for the provision of care. This does not prohibit in-kind contributions of snacks, games, toys, blankets for napping, pillows, and other materials parents deem appropriate for their children. It is not the intent of this paragraph to prohibit payment for outside activities, the amount of that may not exceed the actual cost of the activity.
(D) No more than 12 children are receiving care in the same place at the same time.
101216.5 STAFFING -- PARENT-COOPERATIVE CENTERS 101216.5
(a) Parent-cooperative centers shall employ a full-time teacher in addition to the director and participating
parents when the number of children reaches 25.
(b) There shall be at least one staff member or participating parent present for each five children in
attendance.
NOTE: Authority cited: Section 1596.81, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 1596.72, 1596.73,
1596.81 and 1597.05, Health and Safety Code.
Example
the University Parents Nursery School / California
http://upns.bol.ucla.edu/handbook.htm
Association
http://www.ccppns.org/
The California Council of Parent Participation Nursery Schools (CCPPNS)
The Los Angeles Council of Parent Participation Nursery Schools (LACPPNS) is an organization of representatives from each of the Cooperative Nursery Schools in the Los Angeles area. Since each co-op is completely independent, the council meetings enable us to exchange information and ideas, be of mutual aid to one another, raise standards, obtain insurance at a reasonable rate, and especially, to make the public aware of education at the pre-school level and the co-operative nursery school. The council also acts as liaison with city and county officials, universities, social welfare agencies, and other civic organizations.
The Los Angeles Council of Parent Participation Nursery Schools is one of 13 regional councils, representing hundreds of co-op schools in our state. The state's publication, "The Pre-Schooler" and an annual convention are the main activities of the larger organization. At the convention, speakers and workshops are offered that deal with all aspects of children's emotional and educational growth. The convention site alternates between northern and southern areas of California.
Our state is a member of the National Council, which was formed several years ago. It is interesting to note that the faculty wives at the University of Chicago started the first co-op in 1915.
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Washington
Regulation
Regulation
Those who offer care for several children on a regular basis are required to have a state license. There are some exceptions, including: informal parent cooperatives, nannies, preschools operating for fewer than four hours per day, and family, friends and neighbors who provide occasional care. Click to find information on how to become licensed.
http://www.del.wa.gov/resources/newsroom/072211.aspx